Permutations on F22k

Differentially 4-uniform permutations on F22k with high nonlinearity are often chosen as Substitution boxes in both block and stream ciphers. Recently, Qu et al. introduced a class of functions, which are called preferred functions, to construct a lot of infinite families of such permutations [14]. In this paper, we propose a particular type of Boolean functions to characterize the preferred functions. On the one hand, such Boolean functions can be determined by solving linear equations, and they give rise to a huge number of differentially 4-uniform permutations over F22k . Hence they may provide more choices for the design of Substitution boxes. On the other hand, by investigating the number of these Boolean functions, we show that the number of CCZ-inequivalent differentially 4-uniform permutations over F22k grows exponentially when k increases, which gives a positive answer to an open problem proposed in [14]. Index Terms Differentially 4-uniform permutation, Substitution box, preferred function, preferred Boolean function